Cavitation is defined as a phenomenon in which the static pressure of a liquid reduces to below the liquid's vapour pressure, leading to the formation of small vapor-filled cavities in the liquid.
Okay, but what does cavitation actually mean? How does it damage your engine?
Engine vibration can cause the formation of tiny bubbles in coolant outside the wall of the cylinder liner. These bubbles implode against the liner wall and release tremendous energy on a small local surface, which causes pitting and eventually digging tiny channels through the liner.
The resulting channels are referred to as cavitation. This effect can occur in pumps, orifice, meters, control values, impellers as well as in your engine, and the resulting damage can lead to premature failures in your equipment.
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